第一次！CGTN連線航運(yùn)企業(yè) ，探討疫情當(dāng)下行業(yè)的應(yīng)對(duì)策略

2020年02月20日 09時(shí) 航運(yùn)界網(wǎng)

2月18日中午12:30，中央電視臺(tái)國(guó)際新聞?lì)l道《Global Watch》（環(huán)球瞭望）欄目對(duì)環(huán)世物流集團(tuán)國(guó)際運(yùn)營(yíng)中心總經(jīng)理許中華進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播采訪，此次采訪的重點(diǎn)是解讀新冠疫情對(duì)中國(guó)航運(yùn)和物流業(yè)所帶來的影響以及應(yīng)對(duì)之策。
 

中國(guó)國(guó)際電視臺(tái)新聞?lì)l道Global Watch《環(huán)球瞭望》作為一檔國(guó)際新聞欄目，與BBC，CNN，半島電視臺(tái)和今日俄羅斯等國(guó)際主流媒體并駕齊驅(qū)，是英文頻道“國(guó)際事件的中國(guó)視角”的最佳詮釋。欄目觀眾以外交使節(jié)、在華外籍商務(wù)人士、外企白領(lǐng)人士、部分企事業(yè)單位中高層決策者以及在校大學(xué)生等為主體。此次《環(huán)球瞭望》的采訪，不僅體現(xiàn)國(guó)家對(duì)外貿(mào)和國(guó)際航運(yùn)行業(yè)的重視，也體現(xiàn)了環(huán)世物流集團(tuán)在行業(yè)中的影響力和資深地位。

采訪原文如下：

問題1：中國(guó)是全球供應(yīng)鏈的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。那么疫情將如何影響中國(guó)的國(guó)際航運(yùn)和物流業(yè)？
Q1. China is a key link in the global supply chain. So how will the outbreak affect the country's international shipping and logistics industry?

回答：對(duì)的，正如你所說，中國(guó)是全球供應(yīng)鏈的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)，作為服務(wù)于供應(yīng)鏈的國(guó)際航運(yùn)物流行業(yè)，自然也有著舉足輕重的關(guān)鍵地位，這次新冠病毒疫情對(duì)中國(guó)的國(guó)際航運(yùn)物流行業(yè)的負(fù)面影響是全面而又深入的。受疫情影響，目前全國(guó)外貿(mào)工廠復(fù)工情況比較差，仍然需要未來數(shù)周的時(shí)間才能逐步恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)。受新冠病毒影響的地區(qū)，占中國(guó)GDP總值的80%以上，占出口總額的90%以上，對(duì)于國(guó)際海運(yùn)集裝箱運(yùn)輸來說，冠狀病毒將使中國(guó)（包括中國(guó)香港）港口的集裝箱貨運(yùn)量在2020年第一季度減少逾600萬TEU。預(yù)計(jì)今年全球集裝箱吞吐量的增幅將至少下降0.7%。在中國(guó)主要港口收集的每周集裝箱船只?？繑?shù)據(jù)顯示，自1月20日以來，集裝箱數(shù)量已經(jīng)減少了20%以上。不過，從時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)來看，由于西方國(guó)家的圣誕和新年消費(fèi)旺季剛剛過去，同時(shí)第一季度恰值中國(guó)春節(jié)假期。因此，從歷年出口數(shù)據(jù)來看，第一季度的增速都是低點(diǎn)，這在一定程度上掩蓋了國(guó)際航運(yùn)市場(chǎng)的低迷。

Yes, as you said, China is a key link in the global supply chain. As an international shipping logistics industry serving the supply chain, it naturally has an important position. The negative impact of the new coronavirus epidemic on China's international shipping logistics industry is comprehensive and in-depth. Affected by the epidemic situation, the resumption of foreign trade factories in China is relatively poor, and it will still take several weeks to gradually resume production. The regions affected by the Coronavirus account for more than 80% of China's GDP and more than 90% of China's total export. For the international sea-freight container transportation, the Coronavirus would reduce the container volume of Chinese ports (including Hong Kong) by more than 6 million TEU in the first quarter of 2020. Global container throughput growth is expected to decline at least 0.7% this year. Weekly container vessel arrivals data collected at China's major ports show that the number of containers has fallen by more than 20% since January 20th. However, from the perspective of the timing, as the Christmas and new year consumption peak season in western countries and Spring Festival holiday in China have just passed. Therefore, the growth rate of export data in the first quarter was as low as normal, which covered up the downturn in the international shipping market to a certain extent.

問題2：國(guó)際物流行業(yè)企業(yè)已經(jīng)做了什么，還需要做什么來減輕冠狀病毒對(duì)這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的影響？
Q2. What has been done, and what still needs to be done to mitigate the coronavirus' effect on this sector?

回答：對(duì)于國(guó)際集裝箱班輪運(yùn)輸企業(yè)來說，首先都實(shí)施了大規(guī)模的停航，在節(jié)后第一周停航運(yùn)力占比超過50%，節(jié)后第二周停航運(yùn)力占比也達(dá)到40%，第三周和第四周的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)計(jì)也仍然達(dá)到30%左右；其次，為了抵消停航運(yùn)力帶來的巨額經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，市場(chǎng)主流船東在2月份實(shí)施了較為堅(jiān)挺的運(yùn)價(jià)政策，另外從3月份開始宣布統(tǒng)一運(yùn)價(jià)上漲并抬高燃油附加費(fèi)；再次，船東普遍放緩了航速，可以降低油耗等運(yùn)營(yíng)成本，也可以滿足北美和澳洲等國(guó)家對(duì)于14天隔離期的要求；最后，部分船東把運(yùn)力投放到周邊的日韓和東南亞市場(chǎng)，以提升目前十分低迷的裝載率。對(duì)于國(guó)際物流企業(yè)來說，面對(duì)新冠病毒的負(fù)面影響，我們還需要做的是：深入理解并研究客戶的需求變化，并重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)數(shù)字化、在線化、可視化的系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用能力，在居家隔離和無法正常在辦公室上班的情況下，我們需要有更多遠(yuǎn)程溝通的工具、更強(qiáng)大和開放的IT系統(tǒng)，同時(shí)也希望整個(gè)行業(yè)的無紙化和自動(dòng)化程度能夠有進(jìn)一步的提升。

First of all, the international container liner carriers have implemented large-scale Capacity Control, Blank Sailing. In the first week after the festival, the proportion of the suspended capacity exceeds 50%, and the proportion in the second week also reached 40%. The second half of Feb are expected to reach at least 30%; secondly, in order to make up the huge economic losses, the main carriers implemented a relatively strong Pricing Policy in February, and they announced the General Rate Increase and raised the bunker surcharge further in March; Thirdly, carriers generally slowed down their fleet speed, to reduce operating costs such as fuel consumption, and meet the restrictions of those countries such as United States and Australia for a 14 day quarantine period; Finally, some carriers put their Space Allocation into Japan, South Korea and Southeast Asian markets to improve the current poor loading factor. For international logistics enterprises, in the face of the negative impact of Coronavirus, what we need to do is to deeply understand and study the changes of customers' requirement, and focus on strengthening the application ability of digital, online and visible systems. In the case of home isolation and unable to work in the office normally, we need more remote communication tools, a stronger and open IT System. At the same time, we hope the paperless and automation level of the whole industry can be further improved.

來源：航運(yùn)界網(wǎng)